AI Smart Home Devices Create Privacy Risks for UK Domestic Workers, Study Finds
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[Submitted on 9 Feb 2026]
Summary
This academic paper presents a sociotechnical threat model for AI-driven smart home devices based on semi-structured interviews with 18 UK-based domestic workers. Using Communication Privacy Management (CPM) theory, the research reveals how AI analytics, residual data logs, and cross-household data flows create unique privacy risks for domestic workers. In employer-controlled homes, AI-enabled features and opaque agency-mediated employment intensify surveillance and limit workers' ability to negotiate privacy boundaries. In their own homes, workers face challenges including gendered administrative roles, unclear AI functionalities, and data retention uncertainty. The study identifies domestic worker agencies as institutional adversaries and maps AI-driven privacy risks across interconnected households.
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Key quotes
· 3 pulledThese cameras are just like the Eye of Sauron
AI-enabled features and opaque, agency-mediated employment arrangements intensified surveillance and constrained participants' ability to negotiate privacy boundaries
In their own homes, participants had greater control as device owners but still faced challenges, including gendered administrative roles, opaque AI functionalities, and uncertainty around data retention
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