The Jaguar in Mayan Culture: Balam, Kingship, and the Lord of Xibalba
From the article
The jaguar was never just an animal to the Maya. It was the shape that power itself took. The word was balam, and you find it everywhere the Maya recorded what mattered: in the names of kings, in the four founders of a people, in the books that carried their knowledge through the colonial period. Only kings could wear the pelt. This is what the jaguar actually meant, from the throne to the underworld, and how it still lives on in the masks carved in the Guatemalan highlands today. More
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