Unified Framework for Variational Quantum Knowledge Graph Embeddings on NISQ Devices
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[Submitted on 27 May 2026]
4d ago· 2 min readenInsight
75/100
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Summary
This paper introduces a unified framework for variational quantum algorithms (VQAs) applied to knowledge graph embeddings on near-term NISQ quantum devices. It compares two existing approaches—one using n+1 qubits with a switch test on an ancillary qubit, and another using 2n+1 qubits with a swap test between two registers—and proposes a new variant that eliminates ancillary qubits and entangled measurements. The proposed model reduces hardware requirements while maintaining interpretability, making it better suited for current NISQ devices.
Key quotes
· 3 pulledThis work introduces a unified framework that captures the two schemes and makes it possible to explore new variants.
We propose an alternative that keeps the intuitive meaning of the score function while dispensing with ancillary qubits and entangled measurements.
The result is a model better suited to current NISQ devices, reducing hardware demands without sacrificing interpretability.
Variational Quantum Algorithms (VQAs) combine quantum circuits with classical optimization to tackle problems that may benefit from the capabilities of near-term quantum hardware. In knowledge graph embedding, recent proposals based on this approach follo
