Long COVID risk factors identified in large cohort study of 65,000+ U.S. adults
By
Kristen Kehl-Floberg ,
The bagel they save for the regulars. Don't skim, savour.
Summary
This retrospective cohort study analyzed data from 65,464 U.S. adults in the All of Us Research Program to examine long COVID risk factors. Key findings include: older age, female sex, Black racial identity, earlier COVID variants, non-vaccination, lower pre-infection mental/cognitive health, and number of pre-infection symptoms were associated with higher odds of developing long COVID. However, pre-infection functional impairment or total pre-infection symptom counts did not significantly affect long COVID risk. The study supports using both electronic health records and patient-reported outcomes for diagnosing long COVID based on changes from baseline functioning.
Key quotes
· 5 pulledAdjusted odds ratios of developing long COVID increased with older age, female sex, Black racial identity, earlier variant, non-vaccination, lower pre-infection self-reported mental and cognitive health, and number of pre-infection symptoms.
In this model, there were no significant differences in risk of long COVID based on either pre-infection total incidences of long COVID symptoms (compared to the average of 4) or pre-infection functional impairment.
This suggests that long COVID was associated with a change from baseline functioning and health, including in people with pre-infection incident symptoms and functional impairments.
Both harmonized electronic health records data and patient-reported outcomes contribute important data for developing the diagnostic utility of functional status changes in long COVID.
Although multiple guidelines recommend the inclusion of functional status in long COVID diagnostic criteria, more evidence is needed to guide this recommendation.
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