Researchers argue anthropomorphic LLM attributes are non-unique using Age of Empires II neural network

Much research has been carried out on large language models (LLMs) and LLM-powered agentic workflows.

Our goal is not to argue in favour or against the existence of these attributes, but to point out that these conclusions could be incorrect.

The purported anthropomorphic attributes of LLMs are empirically non-unique: although some properties (e.g., responses to prompts) could remain constant, others, such as the interpretation of their perceived behaviour, might change with the substrate.

Any empirically-grounded discussion requires explicit measurement criteria; otherwise the interpretation is left to the representation.

Assuming that these attributes exist or not in a system, independent of the substrate and in a generalised way, leads to either circular or uninformative conclusions.